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1 Spelling and punctuation
This table presents a useful way of clarifying difficulties when you are spelling names etc.A comme Anatole means A for Anatole, and so on.When spelling aloud…A A comme AnatoleB B comme BertheC C comme Célestinç c cédilleD D comme DésiréE E comme Eugèneé e accent aiguè e accent graveê e accent circonflexeë e trémaF F comme FrançoisG G comme GastonH H comme HenriI I comme IrmaJ J comme JosephK K comme KléberL L comme LouisM M comme MarcelN N comme NicolasO O comme OscarP P comme PierreQ Q comme QuintalR R comme RaoulS S comme SuzanneT T comme ThérèseU U comme UrsuleV V comme VictorW W comme WilliamX X comme XavierY Y comme YvonneZ Z comme ZoéSpellingcapital B= B majusculesmall b= b minusculeit has got a capital B= cela s’écrit avec un B majusculein small letters= en minusculesdouble t= deux tdouble n= deux napostrophe= apostrophed apostrophe= d apostrophehyphen= trait d’unionrase-mottes has got a hyphen= rase-mottes s’écrit avec un trait d’unionDictating punctuation. point or un point ( full stop), virgule ( comma): deux points ( colon); point-virgule ( semicolon)! point d’exclamation† ( exclamation mark)? point d’interrogation† ( interrogation mark)à la ligne ( new paragraph)( ouvrez la parenthèse ( open brackets)) fermez la parenthèse ( close brackets)() entre parenthèses ( in brackets)[] entre crochets ( in square brackets)- tiret ( dash)… points de suspension ( three dots)« ou " ouvrez les guillemets ( open inverted commas)» ou " fermez les guillemets ( close inverted commas)«» ou "" entre guillemets ( in inverted commas)The use of inverted commas in FrenchIn novels and short stories, direct speech is punctuated differently from English:The inverted commas lie on the line, e.g.«Tiens, dit-elle, en ouvrant les rideaux, les voilà!»‡This example also shows that the inverted commas are not closed after each stretch of direct speech. In modern texts they are often omitted altogether (though this is still sometimes frowned on):Il l’interrogea:- Vous êtes arrivé quand?- Pourquoi cette question? Je n’ai rien fait de mal.- C’est ce que nous allons voir.Note the short dash in this case that introduces each new speaker. Even if inverted commas had been used in the above dialogue, they would have been opened before vous and closed after voir, and not used at other points.English-style inverted commas are used in French to highlight words in a text:Le ministre a voulu "tout savoir" sur la question.† Note that, unlike English, French has a space before ! and ? and: and ;, e.g. Jamais !, Pourquoi ? etc. This is not usual, however, in dictionaries, where it would take up too much room.‡ Single inverted commas are not much used in French.
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